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Diverticulitis is primarily associated with older adults, particularly those over the age of 40, due to several factors that increase the risk of developing this condition. As people age, the likelihood of forming diverticula—small pouches that can develop in the lining of the colon—increases. The weakening of the intestinal wall and changes in dietary habits that often occur with age contribute to this condition's prevalence.

Older adults are also more susceptible to complications arising from diverticulitis, such as abscess formation, perforation, and intestinal obstruction. Furthermore, the risk factors associated with diverticulitis, including low fiber diet, sedentary lifestyle, and certain medications, tend to accumulate over time, making it a greater concern for the elderly population.

In contrast, younger adults and middle-aged men have a significantly lower incidence of diverticulitis, while pregnant women may experience gastrointestinal changes, but these do not specifically correlate with higher rates of diverticulitis. Thus, older adults represent the demographic most commonly affected by this condition, making the selection of this demographic the most accurate choice in the context of this question.